坦腹卧东床，偏擅作羹汤。吟诗复长啸，闲来堆肥忙。

自做堆肥由来是外行，然而近来跟人学到了不少门道，却原来知识都在website之中，只是我们没想到常常去Google所需的知识罢了。

在制作过程中，竟还惊讶地了解到，从来视为畏途的鱼内脏竟也是能用来加入制作的原料中的，其诀窍在于如何安放。由于堆肥在制作过程中，内部可达很高的温度，在非常高的温度中放入鱼的内脏，苍蝇完全不可能在其中产卵，且鱼内脏会极快被分解。



这种制作盒必须经常翻动内容物以加速分解



这是用来插入其中的温度计

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（ 以下来自于website ）

To get the perfect ratio for your compost pile, aim for

2 to 3 parts "Browns"



(carbon-rich) to

1 part "Greens"



(nitrogen-rich) by volume

. This creates an ideal environment for microbes to break down materials quickly without foul odors or pests.

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

为了获得堆肥堆的最佳配比，按体积计算，应力求达到 2 到 3 份“棕色物料”（富含碳）与 1 份“绿色物料”（富含氮）的比例。这样能营造出理想的环境，让微生物迅速分解物料，且不会产生恶臭或招致害虫。

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https://soil3.com/blogs/blog/how-to-make-your-own-compost?srsltid=AfmBOopWnR_uN0hCWLroBkgAyefTNSujgNcycxQmz_eFL_Bf11jzlGLE

1) Compost Ingredients: Brown Material

The brown materials are carbon-rich and include items like dry leaves, straw, shredded newspaper, and woody elements, like sticks. Browns provide structure to the compost pile, improve aeration, and serve as a source of energy for the decomposing microorganisms.

1) 堆肥成分：“棕色”材料

“棕色”材料富含碳元素，包括干树叶、秸秆、碎报纸以及树枝等木质材料。这些材料能为堆肥堆提供结构支撑，改善透气性，并为分解有机物的微生物提供能量来源。

2) Compost Ingredients: Green Material

The greens are nitrogen-rich materials such as kitchen scraps (fruit and vegetable peels, coffee grounds), fresh yard waste, grass clippings, and green plant material. Greens contribute nitrogen, an essential element for the growth of microorganisms responsible for breaking down organic matter.

2) 堆肥成分：绿色物料

“绿色物料”是指富含氮的材料，例如厨余垃圾（果皮、菜皮、咖啡渣）、新鲜庭院废弃物、剪下的草屑以及绿色植物材料。绿色物料能提供氮元素，而氮是分解有机物的微生物生长所必需的元素。

3) Microorganisms are Critical Composters

The magic of composting happens through the activity of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and other tiny decomposers like protozoa. These microbes feed on organic matter, breaking it down into simpler compounds. As the microorganisms work, they generate heat, which is why a compost pile can become warm or even hot during active decomposition.

Don’t forget how critical the "bugs" are in breaking down organic matter! In my compost pile earthworms and pill bugs are the main consumers of organic waste. You may see larvae or grubs in yours, such as black soldier fly larvae.

All these microorganisms and "bugs" help speed up the decomposition process and are truly unsung heroes.

3）微生物是堆肥的关键

堆肥的神奇之处在于微生物的活动，包括细菌、真菌和其他微小的分解者，如原生动物。它们以有机物质为食，将其分解成更简单的化合物。在分解过程中，微生物会产生热量；这就是为什么堆肥堆在剧烈分解时会变暖，甚至变得滚烫。

千万别忘了，这些“小生物”在分解有机物质方面起着至关重要的作用！在我的堆肥堆里，蚯蚓和鼠妇是有机废弃物的主要分解者。而在你的堆肥堆中，你可能会看到各种幼虫或蛴螬，比如黑水虻幼虫。

所有这些微生物和“小生物”都有助于加速分解过程，它们确实是默默奉献的幕后功臣。

 

As the organic matter decomposes, it transforms into a nutrient-rich substance known as humus. Humus is the dark, crumbly material that gives compost its characteristic appearance. It's rich in essential plant nutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), as well as micronutrients and helpful compounds like humic and fulvic acids.

The composting process involves creating the right conditions for microbial activity. It requires a balance between browns and greens, adequate moisture, and proper aeration. This is why regular turning of the compost pile helps mix the materials, introduce oxygen, and accelerate decomposition.

随着有机物分解，它会转化为一种富含养分的物质——腐殖质。腐殖质是一种颜色深暗、质地松散的物质，赋予了堆肥特有的外观。它富含氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）等植物必需养分，以及微量元素和有益化合物（如腐殖酸和富里酸）。

堆肥过程需要营造适宜微生物活动的条件。这要求在“棕色”材料（碳源）和“绿色”材料（氮源）之间保持平衡，并确保充足的水分和良好的通气性。正因如此，定期翻动堆肥堆有助于混合物料、引入氧气并加速分解过程。

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https://www.boston.gov/sites/default/files/file/2022/11/Composting%20Basics-%20Simplified%20Chinese.pdf